47
Figure 7. Percentage of events that are bystander witnessed, receive bystander CPR, and survive to hospital 
discharge by arrest location.
The witness status of an arrest has significant 
implications for patient outcomes, as witnessed 
arrests have more opportunity for bystander 
intervention and early delivery of care. 
Approximately half of arrests were unwitnessed 
(49.5%), while 37.9% were witnessed by a 
bystander and 12.6% were witnessed by a 911 
Responder (Figure 8). Patients with a bystander 
witnessed arrest were over three times more likely 
to survive their event compared to unwitnessed 
arrests (16.1% vs 4.3%, respectively; p<.0001), 
while patients with a 911 Responder witnessed 
arrest were approximately four times more likely 
to survive compared to unwitnessed arrests 
(18.0% vs 4.3%, respectively; p<.0001).
Witness Status
Figure 8. Arrest witness status.
Majority of Cardiac Arrests Occur 
in the Home Setting
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrests consistently 
occur at home, reinforcing the need for 
immediate bystander response.
Fewer cardiac arrests 
going unwitnessed
Unwitnessed out-of-hospital cardiac 
arrests declined from 51.5% to 49.5% 
(2023–2025).

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